EU frameworkGDPRNIS 2DORAAI ActWhistleblowing
Recital 96

Recital 96

Directive on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union law · UE 2019/1937

(96)

Of particular importance for reporting persons are interim remedies pending the resolution of legal proceedings that can be protracted. Particularly, actions of interim relief, as provided for under national law, should also be available to reporting persons in order to stop threats, attempts or continuing acts of retaliation, such as harassment or to prevent forms of retaliation, such as dismissal, which might be difficult to reverse after the lapse of lengthy periods and which can ruin the individual financially, a perspective which can seriously discourage potential whistleblowers.

Luxembourg specificity
loi luxembourgeoise du 16 mai 2023 relative a la protection des lanceurs d'alerte

In Luxembourg, the law of 16 May 2023 on whistleblower protection expressly allows the reporter to seek before the president of the labour court the interim suspension of a retaliatory measure, including dismissal, and the reversal of the burden of proof applies: the employer must demonstrate that the measure rests on a cause prior to and independent of the report. The OFRS and the ITM may be seized in parallel with the civil interim proceedings.

Luxgap practice: build the HR justification file (evaluations, warnings, emails) before any adverse action targeting an identified reporter, as the interim relief judge rules within weeks and the presumption plays against you.