EU frameworkGDPRNIS 2DORAAI ActWhistleblowing
Recital 61

Recital 61

Directive on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union law · UE 2019/1937

(61)

It may be the case that internal channels do not exist or that they were used but did not function properly, for instance because the report was not dealt with diligently or within a reasonable timeframe, or no appropriate action was taken to address the breach despite the results of the related internal enquiry confirming the existence of a breach.

Luxembourg specificity
loi luxembourgeoise du 16 mai 2023 relative a la protection des lanceurs d'alerte

In Luxembourg, the law of 16 May 2023 requires an acknowledgement within 7 days and a reasoned feedback within 3 months maximum (Article 9). Exceeding these deadlines directly opens the path to external reporting with the OFRS or sector authorities (CSSF, CNPD, ITM, CAA, ILR), without loss of protection. Criminal penalties for obstruction or retaliation range from EUR 1,250 to EUR 25,000, doubled in case of recidivism, cumulative with full civil compensation.

Luxgap practice: we set reminder thresholds at D+5 (acknowledgement) and D+75 (feedback) to keep a safety margin before the legal trigger of the right to external reporting.