EU frameworkGDPRNIS 2DORAAI ActWhistleblowing
Article 10

Reporting through external reporting channels

Directive on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union law · UE 2019/1937

Reporting through external reporting channels

Without prejudice to point (b) of Article 15(1), reporting persons shall report information on breaches using the channels and procedures referred to in Articles 11 and 12, after having first reported through internal reporting channels, or by directly reporting through external reporting channels.

Luxembourg specificity
loi luxembourgeoise du 16 mai 2023 relative a la protection des lanceurs d'alerte

In Luxembourg, the Office des rapports de signalement (OFRS) is the cross-sector external authority, with possible routing to the CSSF (finance), CNPD (data), ITM (labour), CAA (insurance) or ILR (telecom) depending on the field. The law of 16 May 2023 sets the threshold at 50 employees for public and private organisations, with no threshold for public bodies, and provides criminal fines of 1,250 to 25,000 EUR (doubled in case of repeat offence) for obstruction of reporting or retaliation, on top of civil compensation for the whistleblower.

Luxgap practice: map upfront the competent external authority by type of breach, because an employee of your CSSF-regulated fintech can go directly to the CSSF without using the OFRS or your internal channel.