Unpacking compliance, security and AI.
Our DPOs and CISOs regularly share their take on regulatory and technical news here: new CNPD guidelines, notable sanctions, incident lessons learned, evolutions on the AI Act, NIS 2 and DORA. To go beyond the press release.
103 articles found · Expertise Luxgap
€31.8m fine against Intesa Sanpaolo: 72h to notify a GDPR breach
Italy’s DPA fined Intesa Sanpaolo €31.8m for inadequate security and late/incomplete GDPR breach notification. Immediate takeaway for Luxembourg: meet the 72-hour rule and know what to notify.
Processors: CNPD (Art. 28 GDPR) vs CSSF 22/806 — two contractual layers
CSSF’s 9 April 2025 update widens the gap with the CNPD/EDPB approach: beyond the GDPR DPA, financial entities must add access/audit clauses, prudential notifications, reversibility, and cloud-specific requirements.
Workplace video surveillance: CNPD (8 days) vs CNIL (1 month)
The CNPD sets an 8‑day retention period “in principle,” while the CNIL allows up to one month. A concrete divergence affecting retention, DPIAs and employee information.
GDPR rights at work: only the individual has standing (Cass. crim., Jan 13, 2026)
France’s Supreme Court held that a company cannot invoke employees’ GDPR rights to challenge a seizure: only the data subjects themselves have standing. A key takeaway for DSAR and DPO response workflows.
Workplace video surveillance: CNIL fine of 2 April 2026
On 02/04/2026, the CNIL imposed a €7,500 fine for CCTV non-compliance. In Luxembourg, the CNPD likewise requires proportionality, frequent DPIAs and two-layer information.
GDPR: first access request may be refused for abuse (CJEU 19/03/2026)
The CJEU (C‑526/24) holds that a first GDPR access request may be refused for abuse under Article 12(5). Practical key: document abusive intent and a two‑pronged proportionality test.
DORA vs NIS 2 in Luxembourg: which regime prevails in an incident?
On 18/09/2023, the European Commission confirmed that sectoral acts prevail over NIS 2 as lex specialis where requirements are equivalent. DORA is one of them: in Luxembourg, the CSSF oversees incident notifications for financial entities.
AEPD vs AENA: €10.04M for a deficient DPIA in biometrics
On 20 March 2026, the AEPD published in the BOE a €10,043,002 fine against AENA for a non-compliant DPIA related to biometric boarding. Key signal: a DPIA must now be complete, evidence-based and traceable.
Legitimate interest vs consent: CNPD/EDPB tighten, ICO remains looser
Luxembourg’s Administrative Court backed the CNPD in the Amazon case: legitimate interest was not justified. While the EDPB tightens Article 6(1)(f), the UK ICO still calls it the most flexible basis.
NIS 2 in Luxembourg: ILR expectations on the 10 measures (Art. 21)
Since the 5 May 2026 law, the ILR details the 10 minimum NIS 2 Article 21 measures and related supervision. Management must approve, implement and evidence these measures, including MFA and supply chain controls.
Recording meetings and calls: €250,000 fine — CNPD framework 2026
On 16/10/2025, the CNIL fined a call center €250,000 for poorly governed recordings. Since April 2026, the CNPD has issued a dedicated framework for meeting recordings: legal basis, transparency, retention, security, and DPIA.
Mandatory DPIA: CNPD vs CNIL — geolocation, two thresholds
In Luxembourg, the CNPD requires a DPIA for any systematic tracking of location. In France, the CNIL only mandates it for large-scale processing of location data.